In September 2020, China promised at the UN General Assembly to reach the carbon peak in 2030 and carbon neutrality in 2060.2021 is the first year of the 14th Five-Year Plan. The Central Economic Work Conference took "achieving carbon peak and carbon neutrality" as one of the key tasks to grasp this year, and photovoltaic + energy storage system is an important way to achieve carbon neutrality. This paper will focus on the types and characteristics of common household photovoltaic + energy storage systems.
1 / Hybrid home PV + energy storage system
System introduction
Hybrid photovoltaic + energy storage system is generally composed of photovoltaic modules, lithium batteries, hybrid inverters, smart meters, CT, power grid, grid-connected load and off-grid load. The system can realize photovoltaic through DC-DC conversion to directly to charge the battery, and can also realize two-way DC-AC conversion for battery charging and discharge.
Work logic
During the day, the photovoltaic power generation first supplies the load, then charges the battery, and finally the excess power can be connected to the grid; the battery discharges the load by the grid; the photovoltaic power generation and lithium battery are only supplied to the off-grid load, and the grid-connected load cannot be used. In addition, the system also supports users to set their own charging and discharge time to meet their electricity needs.
System characteristics
· Highly integrated system, which can greatly reduce the system installation time and cost
· Intelligent control can be realized to meet the electricity demand of users
· Safe power guarantee for users when the power grid is cut off
2 / Coupled home photovoltaic + energy storage system
System introduction
Coupling photovoltaic + energy storage system, also known as AC-modified photovoltaic + energy storage system, the system is generally composed of photovoltaic modules, grid-connected inverter, lithium battery, AC-coupled energy storage inverter, smart meter, CT, power grid, grid-connected load and off-grid load. The system can realize the conversion of photovoltaic power into AC current through the grid-connected inverter, and then convert the excess power into DC current through the AC-coupled energy storage inverter for storage in the battery.
Work logic
During the day, photovoltaic power generation first supplies the load, then charges the battery, and finally the excess power can be connected to the grid; the battery discharge supplies the load at night, and the shortage is supplemented by the power grid; when the power grid is off, the lithium battery is only supplied to the off-grid load, and the grid connection load cannot be used. In addition, the system also supports users to set their own charging and discharge time to meet their electricity needs.
System characteristics
· The existing grid-connected photovoltaic system can be transformed into an energy storage system, with a low input cost
· Safe power guarantee for users when the power grid is cut off
· Compatible with grid-connected photovoltaic systems of different manufacturers
3 / Off-grid home photovoltaic + energy storage system
System introduction
The off-grid home photovoltaic + energy storage system is generally composed of photovoltaic modules, lithium batteries, off-grid energy storage inverters, loads, and diesel generators. The system can realize photovoltaic through DC-DC conversion to directly to charge the battery, and can also realize two-way DC-AC conversion for battery charging and discharge.
Work logic
During the day, the photovoltaic power generation first supplies the load, and then charges the battery; and at night, when the battery is insufficient.
System characteristics
· Can meet the daily electricity demand in areas without power grid
· It can be combined with the diesel generator to supply the load or charge the battery
· Most off-grid energy storage inverters do not have grid connection certification, and even if the system has a power grid, it cannot be connected to the grid
4 / Photovoltaic energy storage and energy management system
System introduction
Photovoltaic energy storage energy management system, the system is generally composed of photovoltaic modules, grid-connected inverter, lithium battery, AC coupled energy storage inverter, smart meter, CT, power grid and control system.
System characteristics
· The control system can receive and respond to external instructions, respond to the electricity demand of the system, and accept the real-time control and scheduling of the system
· Can participate in the optimal operation of the power grid to make the use of electric energy more efficient and economical
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